Dengue, Chikungunya Fever & Zika is caused by the day biting Aedes mosquito, the risk increases after the rainy season.  Symptons are headaches, nausea and sore joints, symptons from Dengue tend to be worse and often require hospitilisation.  The best form of protection is using insect repellant with a high DEET content & covering up to prevent being bitten. No vaccine is available. You need to seek medical attention immediatly, especially if you are also in a malaria area.  In the vast majority of cases a full recovery occurs within a month. See www.who.int  for details and advice. Those visiting Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam should take care as contracting Dengue Fever is a risk, even on a short visit.

In 2016 Brazil reported a rapid increase in the numbers of cases of Zika and the army was deployed before and during the Olympic games to help combat the outbreak. The latter, whilst generally causing less severe symptons than Dengue, poses a very significant risk to pregnant women & therefore it is essential to seek medical advice before visiting a Zika area if you are pregnant or perhaps planning to get pregnant. A number of cases of Zika have been confirmed in Florida, USA. Cases of Zika in Brazil have declined in 2017 prompting the government to declare the emergincy over in mid 2107. However cases of Chikungunya fever are rising, the US CDC to issue a Level 1 health warning for Brazil in late August 2017. 

The has been a spike in the number of cases of Dengue in Myanmar during 2017, over 14,000 cases with approximatley 80 deaths. A similar rise has occurred in Vietnam and Pakistan in August 2017. Deaths amongst travelleers from Dengue globally tends to be rare. Fatalities generally occur amongst local people contracting Hemorrhagic Dengue fever having been exposed to a number of strianes of the virus previously.